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The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes,
duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and
provide for the common defense and general welfare of
the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises
shall be uniform throughout the United States;
To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among
the several states, and with the Indian tribes;
To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and
uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout
the United States;
To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of
foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and
measures;
To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the
securities and current coin of the United States;
To establish post offices and post roads;
To promote the
progress of science and useful arts, by securing for
limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive
right to their respective writings and discoveries;
To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme
Court;
To define and punish piracies and felonies committed
on the high seas, and offenses against the law of
nations;
To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal,
and make rules concerning captures on land and water;
To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of
money to that use shall be for a longer term than two
years;
To provide and maintain a navy;
To make rules for the government and regulation of
the land and naval forces;
To provide for calling forth the militia to execute
the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel
invasions;
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining,
the militia, and for governing such part of them as may
be employed in the service of the United States,
reserving to the states respectively, the appointment of
the officers, and the authority of training the militia
according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases
whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten miles
square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the
acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the
government of the United States, and to exercise like
authority over all places purchased by the consent of
the legislature of the state in which the same shall be,
for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals,
dockyards, and other needful buildings;--And
To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper
for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and
all other powers vested by this Constitution in the
government of the United States, or in any department or
officer thereof.
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